A study has found that in the mouse colitis model induced by DSS, intragastric administration of taxifolin can decrease the levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, increase the secretion of anti-inflammatory factors IL-10, superoxide dismutase and immunoglobulin, inhibit NF-κB signaling, and restore the composition and function of gut microbiota by increasing the expression of tight junction proteins, thereby significantly alleviating the symptoms and histological changes of colitis (19). This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and colitis.