CTLA4 and renal cell carcinoma: These results are consistent with our previous findings showing that CTLA4 promoter methylation predicts response to anti-CTLA-4 antibody therapy in melanoma [22], to anti-PD-1 antibody therapy in renal cell carcinoma [23], and predicts patients’ survival and response to anti–PD-1 or combined anti–PD-1 and anti–CTLA-4 ICB in melanoma [21].