After reporting an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene encoding the transcription factor Nrf2 (NF-E2 related factor 2) and regulation of oxidant-mediated response in ARDS [20], two redox genes were subsequently reported in association with ARDS (manganese superoxide dismutase, MnSOD; and superoxide dismutase 2 SOD2) [21, 22]. Here, NFE2L2 is linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome.