For example, the hypoglycemic and anti-obesity characteristics of cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) may be explained by the fact that CT-1 limits intestinal sugar absorption by lowering SGLT-1 levels through AMPK phosphorylation (Lopez-Yoldi et al. 2016). This evidence concerns the gene SLC5A1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.