PTEN and neoplasm: After compiling the essential genes and tumor suppressive genes, we found that classical cancer signaling pathways may exert important functions in the progression of hepatoblastoma, including the PI3K pathway (Pten), the p53 pathway (Cdkn2a, Trp53, Myh9, Sox4, Dapk3), and the RAS-RAF-MEK-mTOR pathway (Grb2, Ptpn11, Kras, Raf, Map2k2, Mapk1, Rheb, mTor; Nf1, Lztr1, Rasa2, Dusp9) (Fig. 6e).