IFNG and neoplasm: Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) encoded by IFNG gene is the only member of the type II interferon family, which is an essential cytokine generated from activated T cells, natural killer (NK), and NK T cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) (Dörrie et al., 1999; Wu H. et al., 2022; Wei et al., 2022).