TNF and Hyperglycemia: Periodontitis is one of the diabetic complications that induces the production of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and reduced anti-inflammatory cytokines under hyperglycemia [8].