CCL2 and Hepatic fibrosis: The mRNA of chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and fibrosis genes collagen 1A1 (COL1A1) trended lower but did not reach statistical significance, and metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP1) was significantly reduced in the G-β-MCA treatment group (Figure 2D–F), which was consistent with the reduction in liver fibrosis in G-β-MCA-treated mice (Figure 1H–J).