However, the persistent stimulation of DCs to secrete IFN 1 seen in HIV infection leads to the continuous activation of the innate and adaptive immune system; furthermore, IFN 1 has direct pro-apoptotic activity and upregulates TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) on CD4+ T cells [174]. The gene discussed is TNFSF10; the disease is HIV infectious disease.