CXCR3 and colitis: IFN-γ induces hyper-expression of CXCL9, CXCL10 (ligand for CXCR3) and CXCL16 (ligand for CXCR6) in bone marrow cells of patients with colitis, which then encodes chemokines that recruit effector T cells to the site of inflammation; accordingly, expression of chemokine receptor genes CXCR3 and CXCR6 is upregulated in the T cell population (25).