In osteosarcoma, COX-2 affects the expression levels of vimentin, E-cadherin, MMP-9 and MMP-2 by activating the PI3K/AKT/NF-κ b signaling pathway, leading to a significant increase in the migratory ability of osteosarcoma cells (Figure 1C) (87). Here, VIM is linked to osteosarcoma.