Interestingly, a recent study (39) found that a reduced left atrial expression of PITX2 and elevated plasma concentrations of the PITX2-regulated gene BMP10 predicted recurrence of AF after catheter-based ablation procedures, further highlighting the role of PITX2 in the pathogenesis of AF and the importance of large whole-genome studies in identifying potential biomarkers potentially useful in a clinical setting. This evidence concerns the gene BMP10 and atrial fibrillation.