Therefore, the induction of both GAMYBL2 and GS3 in the STTM159 plants by BPH was abated, the abation of GS3 was especially obviously, indicating that in the OsmiR159–OsGAMYBL2–GS3 pathway, up-regulation of GAMYBL2 in STTM159 further suppressed or retarded the expression of GS3 especially upon BPH infestation. This evidence concerns the gene DNAJC21 and benign prostatic hyperplasia.