Since NLRP3 can sense pathogens and many stimuli derived from the host, abnormal NLRP3 inflammasome activation is demonstrated to be an essential driver of a series of complex human diseases, including acute kidney injury, atherosclerosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and type 2 diabetes (Li et al. 2022a, b; Wang et al. 2021; Yang et al. 2022; Zhao et al. 2021), suggesting that NLPR3 inflammasome may act as a potential therapeutic target for these diseases (Chauhan et al. 2020; Wang and Hauenstein 2020). The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is atherosclerosis.