For these conjugates however, the combination of the anti-CD19 CAR with PTM, CTM + 41EC, CTM + 39EC, and CTMΔ12EC IFPs led to increased contact area of the T cell to tumour cell membrane when compared to CAR only-transduced T cells (Fig. 3c), a finding that has been associated with better T cell response [37, 38]. The gene discussed is CD19; the disease is neoplasm.