Sophoridine downregulates the expression of C-C chemokine receptor type 2, cell failure markers programmed cell death protein-1, translocase of the inner membrane-3, and lymphocyte-activating 3 and inhibits the invasion of tumor-associated macrophages, thus enhancing the cytotoxic function of CD8+T cells and alleviating CD8+T cell failure (Zhuang et al., 2020). Here, CD8A is linked to neoplasm.