As stated, the results observed in controls differed from those in cocaine use disorder patients: in controls, intranasal desmopressin did not significantly change ACTH levels from baseline, but the treatment with intranasal oxytocin preceding intranasal desmopressin led to an increase in ACTH secretion, suggesting a different receptor interaction between vasopressin and oxytocin on corticotrophs. This evidence concerns the gene POMC and cocaine use disorder.