This constant involvement of fibroblasts in ECM rebuilding initiates EV-mediated cross-talk between cancer cells and fibroblasts which results in reprogramming of normal fibroblasts to CAFs via signaling factors (TGF-β1, β-catenin, IL-6, p-STAT3, Wnt2B, LMP1), miRNAs (miR-125b, miR-130b-3p, miR-146a-5p, miR-1249-5p, miR-6737-5p, miR-6819-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-27a, miR-192, miR-215, miR-142-3p, miR-155, miR-210, miR-375, and miR-21) and others (TIMP-1, COL6A1, Lin28b, lncRNA Gm26809) (84). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and cancer.