Since we have shown MBQ-167 to be absorbed more readily into tumor tissue and to be sustained at longer hours (~8hrs) compared to the ~4hr half-life in plasma (27, 28, 49), we expect the Rac/Cdc42 inhibitors to be more effective in the TME, by affecting cancer and macrophage cell signaling, which results in decreased metastasis. Here, AKT1 is linked to neoplasm.