AKT1 and diabetes mellitus: Some studies have found that MeHg (100 nM to 1 μM for 24 hours) decreases AKT phosphorylation and downregulates PI3K/AKT in neuronal cells [163], while others reported low dose MeHg-induced upregulation of AKT phosphorylation and activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway (1 μM to up to 2 μM) through mercury-induced oxidative stress leading to pancreatic β-cell dysfunction associated with diabetes as well as in neuroblastoma cells [163], [164].