This has been substantiated by the identification of numerous modulators that can induce a M1 to M2 phenotype shift in microglia by inhibiting NF-κB, further emphasizing the crucial role this pathway plays in microglial polarization and, by extension, in the inflammatory component of AD pathogenesis (Kawai and Akira, 2007). Here, NFKB1 is linked to Alzheimer disease.