In subjects with both obesity and T2D, SAA is bound to apoB-containing lipoproteins including very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL), in addition to HDL [its usual transport partner in plasma (37)], similar to observations in mice (143). This evidence concerns the gene SAA1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.