GDF15 and hydrops fetalis: Serum GDF-15 could serve as a discriminatory factor between thrombotic and bleeding risk and is a feasible marker for major bleeding and adverse clinical outcomes in Asian patients with IHD.PerspectivesCOMPETENCY IN MEDICAL KNOWLEDGE: We demonstrate, for the first time, the prognostic usefulness of serum GDF-15 for mortality, MACE (except for thrombotic events), HF development, and major bleeding events in Asian patients with IHD.