PTGS2 and leukemia: Inhibiting the activation of transcription factors of the human monoblastic leukemia cell induced by P. gingivalis, and interfering with the NF-κβ signal pathway in a dose-dependent manner. Downregulation of the expression of TREM-1 mRNA and reduction of inflammatory response in THP-1 cells induced by P.gingivalis. Improving the inflammatory response and oxidative stress of rat periodontal tissue. Decreasing the protein levels of COX-2, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in rats with periodontitis, preventing the reduction of HO-1 and Nrf2 and alveolar bone loss by inhibiting osteoclast production.