Resveratrol has been shown to help reduce the inflammatory response and oxidative stress of rat periodontal tissue in vivo studies, decrease the protein levels of COX-2, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in rats with periodontitis, prevent the reduction of HO-1 and Nrf2, and effectively prevent alveolar bone loss by inhibiting osteoclast production (111). This evidence concerns the gene PTGS2 and periodontitis.