VEGFA and cancer: In pathological conditions such as cancer, most IMCs are pathologically activated and dedifferentiate into 2 cell types: M-MDSC and PMN-MDSC and in the presence of tumour-derived factors such as VEGF, IL- 6 and IL-1β, etc. In the early stages of the tumour, cells with biochemical characteristics similar to those of MDSCs do not have suppressive activity and are called MDSC-like cells.