VEGFA and neurodegenerative disease: OA is a typical degenerative disease characterized by abnormal neurovascularization.[3] The invasion of nerves and vessels in the osteochondral junction is one of its hallmarks and is the primary reason for aggravated pain.[4] Many cytokines, including semaphorins,[5] netrins,[6] and growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nerve growth factor,[7, 8, 9] have been found to play important roles in neurovascularization.