COPS3 and neoplasm: For instance, COP9 signalosome subunit 3 (COPS3, LRT p value = 1.11 × 10−6) is closely associated with tumor development (Both et al., 2016; van Dartel & Hulsebos, 2004) and knockdown of COPS3 significantly downregulated MEK signaling, reducing metastasis of osteosarcoma cells (Zhang et al., 2018).