In addition, participants in the non-FLD with MD, MAFLD-only, and both FLD groups had a lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and higher urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglycerides (TGs), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS) than the NAFLD-only group or the non-FLD without MD group. Here, CRP is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.