VEGFA and triple-negative breast carcinoma: VEGF promotes cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasiveness,9 promotes stemness,10,11 and promotes immune suppression.12 Increased VEGF expression has been identified in several cancers,13 and it is associated with poor prognosis and increased metastasis in multiple cancers including triple negative breast cancer (TNBC).14–18 The VEGF targeted monoclonal antibody, bevacizumab, is approved in a range of solid tumor indications.19