FFAR2 and colitis: Another study reported that the addition of 150 mM acetic acid to drinking water ameliorated intestinal inflammation in DSS (Dextran Sulfate Sodium Salt) mice, resulting in an increase in colon length and a decrease in the disease activity index, where there was no significant therapeutic effect in GPR43 knockout mice, suggesting that acetic acid can regulate colitis through GPR43 (Masui et al., 2013).