A high-protein diet at the same caloric level resulted in higher IBD activity and greater intestinal mucosal damage in mice, as well as elevated levels of IL-6 and IL-1β, among others, whereas a moderate-protein diet with upregulated Gpx2 gene expression in mice enhanced tissue repair, as evidenced by a decrease in Caspase-3-expressing epithelial cells; this finding is thought to be due to its induction of butyrate-producing resulting from bacterial colonization (Vidal-Lletjós et al., 2019). This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and inflammatory bowel disease.