In the LPS-ALI and PQ-ALI mouse models, the expression levels of the phosphorylated forms of IKKα/β (p-IKKα/β), IκBα (p-IκBα) and NF-kB p65 (p-p65) were all upregulated (Figures 7A, E). This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and acute respiratory distress syndrome.