INS and Insulin resistance: After adjustment for age, gender, race, education level, smoking status, alcohol consumption, vigorous/moderate physical activity, body mass index, waist circumference and hypertension, we found that AIP was positively associated with fasting blood glucose (β = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.10), glycosylated hemoglobin (β = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.39, 0.58), fasting serum insulin (β = 4.26, 95% CI: 3.73, 4.79), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (β = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.18, 0.25).