NFKB1 and neoplasm: Tumor cells use gap junctions of astrocytes and transfer the cyclic guanosine monophosphate adenosine monophosphate (cGMP) to them, resulting in the production of inflammatory cytokines (such as interferon alpha (INFα) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)), and therefore signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and activates nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathways is activated in metastatic cells and causes tumor growth and chemoresistance [24].