Consistent with observations on leukemic cell lines, PD significantly increased ATO-induced cell death in TKI-resistant primary blasts derived from patients with CML or ALL harboring native or mutated BCR::ABL1 (p < 0.001; n = 13), when treated either in the presence or absence of the stromal HS-5 cell line (Fig. 1C, Supplementary Fig. 1B and Table 1). This evidence concerns the gene ABL1 and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.