One potential explanation for the activated glia cells in AD brain could be the response to Aβ produced largely by neurons.157,158 Aβ shares structural similarities with antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and viral fusion domains, which stimulates glia cells to secrete a mass of pro-inflammatory cytokines.159 Similar to AMPs, Aβ aggregates can also induce pores in cell membranes, which allow a variety of stimuli to activate glia cells.160. Here, ADSL is linked to Alzheimer disease.