PRKN and Parkinson disease: Impaired mitophagy and oxidative stress have adverse roles in neurodegeneration, with both being linked to familial and sporadic forms of Parkinson’s Disease (PD) (13, 14); PINK1–Parkin-mediated mitophagy limits the build-up of toxic mitochondrial species in PD, and loss-of-function mutations occurring in the PINK1 and PRKN genes result in the progressive depletion of dopaminergic neurons of the basal ganglia and a rare hereditary form of juvenile Parkinsonism (15, 16).