TP53 and ovarian cancer: Because MAPK activation concomitant with an increase in the expression of COX-2 and p53 phosphorylation has been regarded as a mechanism of apoptosis induction in ovarian cancer cell lines by antitumor treatments (Lin et al., 2011; Lin et al., 2013), we assessed the phosphorylation of p44/42 and the expression of COX-2 after single-agent and combined treatment.