In conclusion, the data obtained from this study demonstrate that (a) SLE and NPSLE patients could possess autoantibodies potentially reacting to neuronal cells, with higher frequency and titers in NPSLE according to the broad spectrum of the neurological symptoms; (b) the whole brain but in particular the cortex, the hippocampus, and the cerebellum could be the target of brain-reactive autoantibodies mainly directed against unknown antigens; (c) anti-β2GPI could be part of the autoimmune reaction occurring at the brain level. Here, APOH is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.