In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the prognostic biomarkers of anti‐MDA5 Ab‐positive dermatomyositis patients admitted to Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, and potential prognostic factors of RP‐ILD and mortality were identified, aiming to explore convenient and feasible predictive indicators, and improve the survival and prognosis of anti‐MDA5 Ab‐positive dermatomyositis patients. This evidence concerns the gene IFIH1 and dermatomyositis.