Clostridium Butyricum MIYAIRI 588 (CBM 588) can induce cancer apoptosis and play an anti-tumor role by inducing the release of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) from the intracellular reservoir of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) through the TLR2/4 signaling pathway. This evidence concerns the gene TNFSF10 and cancer.