IFNA1 and systemic lupus erythematosus: IFN transcriptional scores are commonly used as biomarkers of disease severity and response to treatment in IFN-driven conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), type I interferonopathies, and diverse autoinflammatory conditions and are commonly calculated as the sum of z scores for specific sets of elevated ISGs, varying in number from 5 to 50+ genes (18, 19).