IL6 and viral infectious disease: Indeed, we observed the induction of type I IFN (IFN-β), type III IFN (IFN-λ1), ISGs (IFIT1, TRIM22, and MX2), and proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines (IL-6 and CXCL10) at late time points upon viral infection by RT-qPCR (Fig. 1E through K).