IL15 and tuberculosis: The typical “HIV/TB” profile of proinflammatory cytokines included low levels of IFN-γ and IL-15 (two to three times lower than in HIV-1 and TB monoinfections), low IL-17 (5–8 times lower than in both monoinfections), and high levels of IL-12 and IL-18 (3–5 times higher than in both monoinfections) (Figure 1 and Figure 2).