IL15 and tuberculosis: In patients with HIV-1/TB coinfection, the plasma levels of IL-1β were 3.1 times lower than in HIV and 1.5 times lower than in the TB group; those of IL-15 were 2.4 times lower than in HIV and 3.3 times lower than in the TB group; and those of IL-17 were 1.7 times lower than in HIV and 4.2 times lower than in the TB group (all p values < 0.0001).