Evidence of a decreased expression of cyclin D1 and phospho-IκB-α after curcumin treatment of mice bearing head and neck squamous cell carcinoma was published four years later [24].Over the next 8 years, these discoveries were further confirmed in many other rodent and human tumor models, and the number of reports published annually increased exponentially. This evidence concerns the gene NFKBIA and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.