Likewise, CACNA2D3 (calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit α2δ3) has been proposed as a tumor suppressor in EC, since it has been found downregulated in EC tissues compared to non-cancerous adjacent tissue, and overexpression of the channel in Ishikawa cells transfected in nude mice produced smaller tumor growth compared to the control group [64]. This evidence concerns the gene CACNA2D3 and neoplasm.