In contrast, elevated frequencies of activated CD4+HLA-DR+CD38+ T cells were seen in the LE group when compared to the control and asymptomatic infection group (median values of 5.56%, 5.55%, and 7.13%, p = 0.0166 in uninfected control., W. bancrofti-infected, and LE, respectively) (Figure 1C). This evidence concerns the gene CD38 and infection.