Within the NAFLD group, those with critical COVID-19 had significantly higher TGF-β1 concentrations upon admission compared to those with moderate COVID-19 (14,848 pg/mL, IQR 13,352–21,491 vs. 10,601 pg/mL, IQR 10,112–13,199, p = 0.0458). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.