TNF and lung cancer: Statistical significance was observed for IL-1b (p = 0.044), IL-2 (p = 0.040), IL-6 (p = 0.001), IL-10 (p = 0.008), IL-12p70 (p = 0.001), and TNF-alpha (p = 0.046), indicating that these inflammatory markers are significantly associated with the risk of lung cancer.