RAN and hereditary clear cell renal cell carcinoma: Another study revealed a significant association between the RAN*rs14035 variant and an increased risk of end-stage renal disease among Egyptian subjects (OR = 5.18) [44], whereas the RAN*rs14035 variant showed no association with elevated risk of various types of carcinomas, including hepatocellular carcinoma [45] and renal cell carcinoma [52].