The involvement of S100 proteins in cell growth, cell cycle regulation, and the differentiation process, with, on the other hand, the role played by MIA proteins in cell detachment, migration, and invasion, or the suppressing of cancer cell apoptosis, justifies and explains the importance of detecting any imbalance in the expression of the two proteins, increasing the chance of choosing the optimal time for investigations and therapeutic approaches [5,24]. This evidence concerns the gene S100B and cancer.